Power Train. Review the 177 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
Air Bags. Review the 158 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
Vehicle Speed Control. Review the 35 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →

NHTSA owner reports · September 18, 2026 snapshot.

20 crash reports2 fire reports9 injury reports

Suspension complaints

16 reports

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Mileage unknown · Nov 13, 2022

Power TrainSuspension

The rear end creaks and the 2nd gear grinds and pops out in the manual transmission

NHTSA ODI #11493327

35,000 miles · Jun 19, 2019

Air BagsPower TrainSuspension

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FYI I CAN NOT INCLUDE THE TOP/ROOF DUE TO IT WONT ALLOW ME TO INPUT THE CHECK MARK) I BAUGHT THIS MUSTANG IN JUNE 2012,USED FROM FORD HERE IN SIOUX FALLS SD, SINCE THAT TIME I HAVE ASKED ABOUT THE TOP ABOUT THE CLUNKING AND IF THEY WOULD NOTIFY ME IF ANY RECALLS. THEY ONLY SENT ONE FOR THE PASSENGER AIR BAG , UNTIL THIS WEEK WHEN I RECEIVED A SECOND NOTICE FOR THE TAKATA AIR BAGS FROM THE DAY I TOOK HER OFF THE LOT. I WANTED TO KNOW WHY MY FRONT END SUSPENSION IS MAKING A CLUNKING SOUND IN FRONT AND IT'S BEEN THERE SINCE THE FIRST DAY, I EVEN HAD HER LOOKED AT TO MAKE SURE SHE WASN'T DAMAGED, WITHIN MINUTES THEY CAME BACK AND SAID SHE'S FINE NO PROBLEMS AND WHY MY TRANSMISSION DOES NOT WANT TO SHIFT TO HIGHER GEARS FROM 1ST THRU OVERDRIVE, SHE BOGS DOWN LIKE THERE ISNT ANY FUEL GETTING TO HER ENGINE AND SHE DOESN'T SHIFT THROUGH THE GEARS PROPERLY, IF I HAD RECIEVED THE RECALLS IT WOULD OF BEEN IN IMMEDIATELY. MY TOP LEAKS WATER WHEN WASHED SO IT CAN CAUSE DAMAGE ON THE INSIDE ESPECIALLY THE DOOR ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS, YET FORD REFUSED TO HAVE THE TOP REDONE SINCE THEY FEEL IT'S JUST NORMAL WEAR YET ITS HAPPENED SINCE THE FIRST TIME I HAD TO WASH HER. I'M STARTING TO THINK THINK FORD HAS TAKEN ADVANTAGE OF ME IN THIS CASE AS I STILL CAN NOT GET ANY UPDATED INFORMATION ON MY CAR AND IF I CAN EITHER GET THE WORK DONE OR THE VEHICLE REPLACED, MIND YOU I STILL OWE ON HER AND TO BE HONEST I DO NOT WANT A TRADE IN , I'D RATHER FORD FIX THESE ISSUES AND WRITE OFF THE REMAINING DEBT DUE TO NEGLIGENCE FOR NOT ADVISING ME OF THESE RECALLS IN A TIMELY MANNER AND FOR BIT FIXING THE ISSUES WHEN THE RECALLS CAME OUT . IT'S QUITE FRUSTRATING TO KNOW I'VE PAID OVER 20000 FOR A CAR THAT THEY ARE WILLFULLY NEGLECTING TO FIX AND YET I'M TO BE LIABLE FOR THE DEBT NO MATTER THE POSSIBLITY THAT THEY ARE NEGLIGENT AND DISMISSIVE OF MY CLAIMS.

NHTSA ODI #11221204

3,300 miles · May 26, 2018

Suspension

LEFT&RIGHT LOWER CONTROL ARMS HAS UNSEASONABLE AMOUNT OF RUST WHICH IS BLISTERING FROM THE INSIDE-OUT, ALSO IS DEEP AND PROGRESSING WITH TIME,WHICH WILL BECOME A SAFETY FACTOR,THE CAR HAS ONLY 3,300 ORIGINAL MILES

NHTSA ODI #11098113

42,500 miles · Feb 9, 2017

Suspension

NOISE IN THE BACK SUSPENSION- DRIVING ON NORMAL PAVEMENT MAKES CONTINUED SOUND. HAVE BEEN TOLD BUSHINGS HAVE GONE BAD. CURRENT MILES 43000 MILES. IS THIS A RECALL?

NHTSA ODI #10953683

24,000 miles · Dec 11, 2016

Suspension

VERY AUDIBLE THUMPING NOISE IN SUSPENSION, EITHER FRONT OR BACK (NOT SURE), AT SLOW SPEED, JUST PULLING OUT OF THE DRIVEWAY, OR PARKING, DRIVING AND GOING OVER MINOR BUMPS ON THE STREET. VEHICLE IS BABIED, ONLY HAS 24,000 MILES, ORIGINAL OWNER. LIVE IN THE SE PART OF THE COUNTRY. IS THERE A RECALL FOR THIS PROBLEM? *TR

NHTSA ODI #10934521

12,743 miles · May 11, 2015

Suspension

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WHILE DRIVING OVER ROUGH OR UNEVEN PAVEMENT, A VERY AUDIBLE RATTLE CAN BE HEARD COMING FROM THE FRONT END OF THE VEHICLE, MOST NOTICEABLY WITH THE STEERING CENTERED. THE CAR ALSO HAS SOME UNSTABLE CHARACTERISTICS, TENDING TO PULL MUCH MORE STRONGLY TOWARDS ANY LINES OR CROWNS THAN NORMAL. VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO LOCAL DEALER, WHERE THEY WERE ABLE TO ISOLATE THE NOISE TO THE FRONT LEFT CORNER OF THE CAR WITH "CHASSIS EARS", BUT COULD NOT DETERMINE THE SOURCE OF THE NOISE. ALL FRONT END COMPONENTS WERE REPLACED, HOWEVER THE PROBLEM PERSISTED. FORD ENGINEERS WERE CONTACTED, AND REPORTED BACK THAT THE NOISE WAS NORMAL AND THE CAR WAS RETURNED UNREPAIRED. LOWER CONTROL ARMS ON BOTH SIDES WERE REPLACED UNDER TSB 13-9-3. SERVICE DESCRIPTION READS: "FRONT SUSPENSION TECH XXXX VERIFIED CUSTOMER CONCERN AND FOUND THE THERE (SIC) IS A NOISE FOUND IN LEFT FRONT WHEN ON A GRAVEL ROAD. USED CHASSIS EAR AND FOUND LEFT FRONT HYDRO BUSHING TO MAKE NOISE. REPLACED LEFT FRONT LOWER CONTROL ARM PER TSB 13-9-3 OP CODE 130903A. ALSO FOUND LEFT OUTER TIE ROD BOLT STRETCHED. REPLACED LEFT FRONT TIE ROD AND PERFORMED 2 WHEEL ALIGNMENT. NOISE IS STILL PRESENT. CHECKED WITH HOTLINE, NOISE IS CHARACTERISTIC. DROVE ANOTHER LIKE CAR AND FOUND NOISE IS CHARACTERISTIC." THE PROBLEM HAS CONTINUED TO BECOME WORSE, AND FORD CUSTOMER SERVICE HAS BECOME INVOLVED. RETURNED TO LOCAL DEALER, SAID THERE'S NOTHING THEY CAN DO, AND THAT THE NOISE AND INSTABILITY IS NORMAL. NO OTHER DEALER WITHIN 100 MILES WILL LOOK AT THE VEHICLE, AND THE PROBLEM HAS SINCE GONE UNREPAIRED.

NHTSA ODI #10715818

4,000 miles · Mar 27, 2015

Suspension

TL*THE CONTACT OWNS A 2012 FORD MUSTANG. THE CONTACT STATED THAT WHILE DRIVING AT VARIOUS SPEED, THERE WAS AN ABNORMAL NOISE WHENEVER HE DROVE OVER A BUMP AND THE VEHICLE VIBRATED. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO A DEALER, WHO DIAGNOSED THAT THE SUSPENSION NEEDED TO BE REPLACED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE VIN WAS NOT AVAILABLE. …

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NHTSA ODI #10702098

65,000 miles · Sep 19, 2013

Suspension

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2012 FORD MUSTANG. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE VEHICLE EMITTED A THUMPING NOISE. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO A TIRE SPECIALIST, WHO INSPECTED THE VEHICLE AND THE DISCOVERED THAT THE REAR SWAY BAR BUSHING HAD BECOME PREMATURELY WORN DUE TO DEFECTIVE MATERIAL. THE MANUFACTURER WAS MADE AWARE OF THE FAILURE. THE…

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NHTSA ODI #10544351

20,000 miles · Sep 10, 2013

Suspension

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OUR 2012 FORD MUSTANG IS UNDER FULL WARRANTY. WHEN DRIVING ABOUT 5 MPH IN PARKING LOTS GOING OVER SPEED BUMPS WE NOTICED THERE IS A CREAKING/SQUEAKING NOISE COMING FROM THE FRONT SUSPENSION. WE TOOK OUR CAR TO THE DEALER WE BOUGHT IT FROM WHICH WAS NORTH PARK LINCOLN AND THEY CANNOT DIAGNOSE OR FIND THE ISSUE. THE FIRST TIME WE TOOK IT THE MECHANICS SAID THEY COULD NOT DIAGNOSE THE ISSUE AND THEY LUBED THE FRONT SUSPENSION. WELL THE NOISE WAS STILL THERE AND WE TOOK THE CAR BACK TO THE DEALER AND THEY HAVE YET TO FIND AN ISSUE WITH THE SUSPENSION. WHEN WE BOUGHT THE MUSTANG THE EXACT SAME NOISE OCCURRED IN THE REAR AND THE DEALER REPLACED THE BUSHINGS AND LINKS AND THE NOISE WENT AWAY. WE ARE TRYING TO TELL THE DEALER IT'S THE BUSHING, LINKS, AND SWAY BAR BUT THEY REFUSE TO DO ANYTHING. WE ARE GOING BACK TO THE DEALER TO SEE IF WE CAN GET THEM TO REPLACE THE COMPONENTS OF THE BUSHING AND LINKS. *TR

NHTSA ODI #10542961

1,000 miles · Aug 19, 2013

Suspension

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2012 FORD MUSTANG. WHILE DRIVING ABOUT 20 MPH, THE CONTACT HEARD A HOLLOW KNOCKING AND FELT AS IF SOMETHING WAS LOOSE IN THE FRONT OF THE VEHICLE. THE VEHICLE WAS INSPECTED AND DIAGNOSED AS NEEDING A SWAY BAR AND BUSHING REPLACEMENT. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS MADE AWARE OF THE ISSU…

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NHTSA ODI #10536067

Official recalls

21V081000 · Air Bags:frontal; Air Bags:frontal:driver Side:inflator Module; Air Bags:frontal:passenger Side:inflator Module

Feb 16, 2021

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2005-2014 Mustang, 2004-2011 Ranger, 2009-2011 Mercury Milan, 2006 Ford GT, 2008-2012 Fusion, 2007-2010 Edge and Lincoln MKX, and 2009-2010 Lincoln MKZ vehicles. These vehicles may be equipped with a driver or passenger frontal air bag inflator used as a replacement service part, that may explode due to propellant degradation occurring after long-term exposure to high absolute humidity, temperature and temperature cycling.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: In the event of a crash necessitating deployment of the frontal air bag, an inflator explosion may result in sharp metal fragments striking the driver or other occupants resulting in serious injury or death.

Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will inspect the driver and passenger air bag module, and replace either the module or the inflator, if necessary, free of charge. The recall began March 17, 2021. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 21S05.

Additional source detail variants (3)

Air Bags:frontal:passenger Side:inflator Module

Consequence: In the event of a crash necessitating deployment of the frontal air bag, an inflator explosion may result in sharp metal fragments striking the driver or other occupants resulting in serious injury or death.

Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will inspect the driver and passenger air bag module, and replace either the module or the inflator, if necessary, free of charge. The recall began March 17, 2021. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 21S05.

Air Bags:frontal:driver Side:inflator Module

Air Bags:frontal

19V001000 · Air Bags:frontal:passenger Side:inflator Module

Jan 7, 2019

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2014 Ford Mustang vehicles sold, or ever registered, in the states of Alabama, California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands (Saipan), and the U.S. Virgin Islands or "Zone A." Additionally, Ford is recalling certain 2011 Ford Ranger and Mercury Milan vehicles, 2011-2012 Ford Fusion and Lincoln Zephyr/MKZ vehicles and 2011-2014 Ford Mustang vehicles sold, or ever registered, in the states of Arizona, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia or "Zone B." Ford is also recalling certain 2010 Ford Edge and Lincoln MKX vehicles, 2010-2011 Ford Ranger and Mercury Milan vehicles, 2010-2012 Ford Fusion and Lincoln Zephyr/MKZ vehicles, and 2010-2014 Ford Mustang vehicles sold, or ever registered, in the states of AK, CO, CT, ID, IA, ME, MA, MI, MN, MT, NH, NY, ND, OR, RI, SD, UT, VT, WA, WI, and WY or "Zone C." These vehicles are equipped with air bag inflators assembled as part of the passenger frontal air bag modules, used as original equipment or replacement equipment (such as after a vehicle crash necessitating replacement of the original air bags), that may explode due to propellant degradation occurring after long-term exposure to high absolute humidity, temperature and temperature cycling.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: An inflator explosion may result in sharp metal fragments striking the driver or other occupants resulting in serious injury or death.

Remedy: Owners are advised not to drive their vehicles until the repair has been performed. Ford will notify owners, and dealers will replace the passenger frontal air bag inflator, free of charge. The recall began February 13, 2019. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall 19S01.

17V024000 · Air Bags:frontal:passenger Side:inflator Module

Jan 10, 2017

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2012 Ford Fusion and Mustang and Lincoln Zephyr and MKZ vehicles originally sold, or ever registered, in Alabama, California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands (Saipan), and the U.S. Virgin Islands, or "Zone A." Additionally, unless included in "Zone A" above, Ford is recalling certain 2009 Ford Ranger, Edge, Fusion and Mustang, Lincoln MKX, MKZ and Zephyr and Mercury Milan vehicles originally sold, or ever registered, in Arizona, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia, or "Zone B." Additionally, unless included in "Zone A" or "Zone B" above, Ford is recalling certain 2007-2008 Ford Ranger, Edge and Lincoln MKX, 2006-2008 Ford Fusion, Mercury Milan, Lincoln Zephyr and MKZ, 2005-2008 Ford Mustang and 2005-2006 Ford GT vehicles originally sold, or ever registered, in the states of Alaska, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin and Wyoming. These vehicles are equipped with certain air bag inflators assembled as part of the passenger frontal air bag modules used as original equipment or replacement equipment. In the event of a crash necessitating deployment of the passenger frontal air bag, these inflators may rupture due to propellant degradation occurring after long-term exposure to absolute humidity and temperature cycling.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: An inflator rupture may result in metal fragments striking the vehicle occupants resulting in serious injury or death.

Remedy: Owners are advised not to drive their vehicles until the repair has been performed. Ford will notify owners, and dealers will replace the passenger frontal air bag inflator, free of charge. Interim letters informing owners of the recall and that parts are not yet available began mailing March 1, 2017. Owners will receive a second notice when remedy parts become available. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 19S01.

16V248000 · Power Train:automatic Transmission

Apr 27, 2016

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain model year 2011-2012 Ford F-150 trucks, 2012 Ford Expedition, Lincoln Navigator, and Ford Mustang vehicles. The affected vehicles are equipped with an automatic transmission that may unexpectedly downshift to first gear, regardless of vehicle speed.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: An unexpected downshift into first gear can cause the vehicle to slow down suddenly without warning and the rear tires may slide or lock, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will reprogram the powertrain control module with updated software, free of charge. The recall began on September 19, 2016. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 16S19.

15V319000 · Air Bags:frontal:driver Side:inflator Module

May 28, 2015

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain model year 2005-2014 Mustang vehicles manufactured April 6, 2004, to June 21, 2014, and 2005-2006 GT vehicles manufactured February 20, 2004, to September 22, 2006. The affected vehicles are equipped with a dual-stage driver frontal air bag that may be susceptible to moisture intrusion which, over time, could cause the inflator to rupture.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: In the event of a crash necessitating deployment of the driver's frontal air bag, the inflator could rupture with metal fragments striking the driver or other occupants resulting in serious injury or death.

Remedy: Owners are advised not to drive their vehicles until the repair has been performed. Ford will notify owners, and dealers will replace the front driver side air bag inflator, free of charge. The recall began on June 10, 2016. Even if interim repairs were performed under safety recall 14V-802, owners must bring their vehicles in for the final remedy. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 15S21. Note: This recall supersedes safety recall 14V-802.

12V190000 · Exterior Lighting:back Up Lights; Power Train:automatic Transmission:control Module (tcm/pcm/tecm)

May 3, 2012

FORD IS RECALLING CERTAIN MODEL YEAR 2011-2012 FORD F-150, 2012 EXPEDITION AND LINCOLN NAVIGATOR, AND 2012-2013 MUSTANG VEHICLES, FOR FAILING TO COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARD NOS. 102, "TRANSMISSION SHIFT LEVER SEQUENCE, STARTER INTERLOCK, AND TRANSMISSION BRAKING EFFECT" AND 108 LAMPS, REFLECTIVE DEVICES AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT. THESE VEHICLES MAY HAVE A TRANSMISSION RANGE SENSOR (TRS) THAT WAS CALIBRATED OUT OF SPECIFICATION FOR REVERSE GEAR.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: IF THIS CONDITION EXISTS, THE TRANSMISSION MAY NOT GO INTO REVERSE OR WHEN THE DRIVER PUSHES THE SHIFT LEVER IN THE REVERSE R POSITION AND THE VEHICLES TRANSMISSION DOES GO IN REVERSE, THE R MAY NOT ILLUMINATE ON THE DASHBOARD OF THE F-150, EXPEDITION, OR NAVIGATOR MODELS AND/OR THE BACKUP LAMP ON THE REAR OF THE F-150, EXPEDITION, NAVIGATOR, OR MUSTANG VEHICLES MAY NOT ILLUMINATE. THESE CONDITIONS INCREASE THE RISK OF A CRASH OR A PEDESTRIAN BEING STRUCK DUE TO THE VEHICLES NOT SIGNALING IT IS IN REVERSE.

Remedy: FORD WILL NOTIFY OWNERS, AND DEALERS WILL INSPECT AND REPLACE THE TRS AS NECESSARY, FREE OF CHARGE. THE SAFETY RECALL BEGAN ON JUNE 11, 2012. OWNERS MAY CONTACT FORD MOTOR COMPANY CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP CENTER AT 1-866-436-7332.

Additional source detail variants (2)

Exterior Lighting:back Up Lights

Consequence: IF THIS CONDITION EXISTS, THE TRANSMISSION MAY NOT GO INTO REVERSE OR WHEN THE DRIVER PUSHES THE SHIFT LEVER IN THE REVERSE R POSITION AND THE VEHICLES TRANSMISSION DOES GO IN REVERSE, THE R MAY NOT ILLUMINATE ON THE DASHBOARD OF THE F-150, EXPEDITION, OR NAVIGATOR MODELS AND/OR THE BACKUP LAMP ON THE REAR OF THE F-150, EXPEDITION, NAVIGATOR, OR MUSTANG VEHICLES MAY NOT ILLUMINATE. THESE CONDITIONS INCREASE THE RISK OF A CRASH OR A PEDESTRIAN BEING STRUCK DUE TO THE VEHICLES NOT SIGNALING IT IS IN REVERSE.

Remedy: FORD WILL NOTIFY OWNERS, AND DEALERS WILL INSPECT AND REPLACE THE TRS AS NECESSARY, FREE OF CHARGE. THE SAFETY RECALL BEGAN ON JUNE 11, 2012. OWNERS MAY CONTACT FORD MOTOR COMPANY CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP CENTER AT 1-866-436-7332.

Power Train:automatic Transmission:control Module (tcm/pcm/tecm)

Model-level recall history does not show whether a particular VIN is affected or has received a repair. Check a VIN with NHTSA ↗

NHTSA investigations

PE11024 · Inability To Shift Gears On Acceleration

Opened Aug 3, 2011 · Closed Dec 14, 2011

Status: closed (inferred from source dates) · Power Train:manual Transmission

The Office of Defects Investigations (ODI) analyzed complaint data provided by Ford as well as complaints submitted to ODI from consumers.In total, there were 364 unique reports indicating various shift quality issues while driving.Ford identified several factors that may contribute to shift quality concerns in the subject vehicles, including cold transmission, clutch stay-out at high engine speeds, gear clash or grinding, and gradual loosening of clutch plate bolts in some early production vehicles.The largest percentage of complaints indicated higher than expected shift efforts in cold ambient temperatures.These complaints were related to transmission fluid viscosity and the higher shift efforts resolved themselves with the drivetrain warming.Ford published technical service bulletin TSB 11-3-18 to inform technicians that a lower viscosity fluid was available for use to address the cold shift issues.The clutch stay-out condition typically occurs at engine speeds greater than 4000 rpm.It does not prevent the selection of any gear, but may delay clutch re-engagement depending on how long the driver maintains the higher engine speed.Ford identified rotating inertia of the clutch components as the root cause and replacement clutch pedal parts were made available under Ford TSB 10-19-4.A number of reports alleged increasing difficulty selecting gears along with gear clash or grinding.Grinding or notchy gear shifts may be caused by gradual loosening of clutch plate fasteners, which is promoted by certain aggressive shifting.This condition is progressive in nature and initially results in symptoms related to shift quality/feel.Clutch plate bolt loosening will not result in inability to select any gear unless the progressive symptoms are ignored until complete clutch failure occurs.ODI?s analysis identified only five complaints alleging an inability to shift into gear due to loose clutch plate bolts.None of these resulted in a stall and gear shifting could occur before engine start.A revised fastener was designed and implemented in production and is available for service through a special service message.There is no indication of loss of motive power or unreasonable safety risk associated with the alleged defect in the subject vehicles.This preliminary evaluation is closed.