IllustrationDRIVING HOME FROM WORK ON THE FREEWAY WHEN THE CHECK ENGINE LIGHT CAME ON, THEN THE ENGINE STARTED TO SLOW DOWN AND WOULD NOT GO ABOVE 35 MILES/HOUR ON THE FREEWAY. TOOK TO DEALER AND WAS TOLD SECONDARY AIR INJECTION SWITCHING VALVE STUCK OPEN (BANK 1 & 2) REQUIRING REPLACEMENT.
2012 Toyota Tacoma
Owner reports · Recalls · Investigations
Similar to other model years
Owner complaints for the 2012 Toyota Tacoma do not stand out strongly from the model-year median of 228.5.
About this comparison →How this year compares
Owner complaints by model year
Compare all Tacoma years →Counts vary with age, sales and reporting. They are not failure rates.
What owners reported most
All reported categories
Tap a category to read its complaints. One report may name several components.
When problems were reported
Mileage at the reported incident
460–25K
5725–50K
7950–75K
4875–100K
25100–150K
6150K+
261 reports with mileage · 34 unknown
NHTSA’s mileage field refers to the reported incident, not necessarily the filing date. This shows report counts, not the likelihood of a failure.
What to inspect
Issues worth paying extra attention to based on owner reports.
- Engine. Review the 122 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
- Fuel/propulsion System. Review the 52 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
- Power Train. Review the 35 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
NHTSA owner reports · September 18, 2026 snapshot.
16 crash reports0 fire reports6 injury reports
What owners actually said
295 reportsI HAVE A 2012 TOYOTA TACOMA 4X4 SPORT DOUBLE CAB LONGBED WITH 28860 MILES. I STARTED THE ENGINE AND NOTICED THE "CHECK ENGINE" AND "TRAC CONTROL" LIGHTS ON IN THE CLUSTER. AS I WAS DRIVING I NOTICED A LACK OF POWER IT WAS IN "LIMPED MODE". MADE IT TO MY MECHANIC WHO DID A CODE CHECK WITH READER, CODES P2440 AND P2442 SHOWN WHICH…
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I HAVE A 2012 TOYOTA TACOMA 4X4 SPORT DOUBLE CAB LONGBED WITH 28860 MILES. I STARTED THE ENGINE AND NOTICED THE "CHECK ENGINE" AND "TRAC CONTROL" LIGHTS ON IN THE CLUSTER. AS I WAS DRIVING I NOTICED A LACK OF POWER IT WAS IN "LIMPED MODE". MADE IT TO MY MECHANIC WHO DID A CODE CHECK WITH READER, CODES P2440 AND P2442 SHOWN WHICH IS SECONDARY INJECTION PUMP VALVE MALFUNCTION. THE CONCERNING ASPECT IS THAT WITH SUCH LOW MILAGE THIS MALFUNCTION OCCURS THAT MAKES THE TRUCK GO INTO LIMP MODE WHICH CAN BE DANGEROUS IN ANY GIVE SITUATION ON THE HIGHWAYS. TOYOTA MUST REALLY CONSIDER INVESTIGATING THIS DEFECT.
I WAS DRIVING TO WORK THIS MORNING AND WHEN ENTERING A HIGHWAY MY TRUCK COMPLETELY STOPPED ACCELERATING AND WOULD NOT GO OVER 40 MPH, ANF WOULD NOT GO OVER 1200 RPMS. I HAVE RESEARCHED THE CODES THAT POPPED UP FROM MY CHECK ENGINE LIGHT, AND HAVE FOUND A TON OF OTHER PEOPLE ARE HAVING THE SAME ISSUE. THE CODE IS P2442, AND INDIC…
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I WAS DRIVING TO WORK THIS MORNING AND WHEN ENTERING A HIGHWAY MY TRUCK COMPLETELY STOPPED ACCELERATING AND WOULD NOT GO OVER 40 MPH, ANF WOULD NOT GO OVER 1200 RPMS. I HAVE RESEARCHED THE CODES THAT POPPED UP FROM MY CHECK ENGINE LIGHT, AND HAVE FOUND A TON OF OTHER PEOPLE ARE HAVING THE SAME ISSUE. THE CODE IS P2442, AND INDICATES A FAILED AIR INJECTOR THAT THE MANUFACTURER HAS NOT ISSUED A RECALL OR SAFETY ADVISORY.
PULLED ONTO THE INTERSTATE AND THE TRUCK WOULD NO ACCELERATE. PUT ON MY HAZARDS AND TRIED TO AVOID GETTING HIT. GOT OFF ON THE NEXT EXIT. HAD TO GO UP A HILL TO GET HOME AND TRUCK WAS STRUGGLING TO MAINTAIN 20 MPH. TOOK IT TO THE DEALER WHO SAID IT WAS THE AIR INJECTION VALVES AND THAT THE TRUCK HAD GONE INTO LIMP MODE BECAU…
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PULLED ONTO THE INTERSTATE AND THE TRUCK WOULD NO ACCELERATE. PUT ON MY HAZARDS AND TRIED TO AVOID GETTING HIT. GOT OFF ON THE NEXT EXIT. HAD TO GO UP A HILL TO GET HOME AND TRUCK WAS STRUGGLING TO MAINTAIN 20 MPH. TOOK IT TO THE DEALER WHO SAID IT WAS THE AIR INJECTION VALVES AND THAT THE TRUCK HAD GONE INTO LIMP MODE BECAUSE OF THE EMISSIONS PROBLEM. CODES WERE P2440, 2442. DEALER SAID PROBLEM IS NOT COVERED BY POWERTRAIN WARRANTY AND EMISSIONS WARRANTY EXPIRED.
WHILE DRIVING AND TURNING ONTO A HIGHWAY, "CHECK ENGINE"AND "TRAC OFF" WARNING LIGHTS CAME ON AS I PULLED INTO TRAFFIC. TRUCK WENT INTO LIMP MODE SO I COULDN'T ACCELERATE. ONCOMING TRAFFIC WORKED AROUND ME AS I TURNED ON MY HAZARD LIGHTS. SECONDARY AIR INJECTION SYSTEM P2440 AND P2442 ARE THE ERROR CODES ASSOCIATED WITH THE VALV…
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WHILE DRIVING AND TURNING ONTO A HIGHWAY, "CHECK ENGINE"AND "TRAC OFF" WARNING LIGHTS CAME ON AS I PULLED INTO TRAFFIC. TRUCK WENT INTO LIMP MODE SO I COULDN'T ACCELERATE. ONCOMING TRAFFIC WORKED AROUND ME AS I TURNED ON MY HAZARD LIGHTS. SECONDARY AIR INJECTION SYSTEM P2440 AND P2442 ARE THE ERROR CODES ASSOCIATED WITH THE VALVES STUCK OPEN.
2012 WITH ONLY 24,900 MILES AND MY VEHICLE HAS THE SAME ISSUE AS THE TOYOTA TUNDRA ISSUE RELATING TO SECONDARY AIR INJECTION PUMP. DEALER SAYS IT'S NOT COVERED. THE ARE AN AWFUL LOT OF PEOPLE WITH THE SAME PROBLEM ON THEIR TACOMA'S. IT'S NO FAIR!
CHECK ENGINE LIGHT AND TRAC OFF APPEARED AND TRUCK ENTERED LIMP MODE. CODES P2440/P2442 ON DIAGNOSTICS. SECONDARY AIR INVERTER FAILED ALONG WITH AIR PUMP. EMISSIONS CONTROL PROBLEMS. TOYOTA DID NOT ACKNOWLEDGE ANY RESPONSIBILITY.
A PROBLEM COMMON TO TOYOTA'S OCCURRED WITH MY VEHICLE. THE SECONDARY AIR INJECTION PUMP FAILED. THE TACOMA DID NOT HAVE SUFFICIENT POWER AND WOULD NOT REACH CERTAIN RPM'S. THE BILL IS $2,500. THE DEALERSHIP TOLD ME IT HAPPENS QUITE OFTEN WITH TOYOTAS. THEY HAVE SAID THIS IS NOT PART OF THE POWERTRAIN WARRANTY.
CEL CODE P2442,P2445 DEALERSHIP SAYS THE AIR SWITCHING VALVE NEEDS TO BE REPLACED. I HAVE 75K MILES ON TRUCK. DEALER IS CHARGING ME 1200$
2012 TOYOTA TACOMA W 47K MILES 4 YRS OLD. BOUGHT BRAND NEW FROM TOYOTA. I WAS DRIVING THE VEHICLE TO WORK AND CHECK ENGINE LIGHT AND TRAC OFF BOTH CAME ON. ATTEMPTED TO ACCELERATE UP A HILL OVER A BRIDGE AND COULD NOT GO BEYOND 20 MPH WITH ACCELERATOR ALL THE WAY DOWN!. VEHICLES SPEEDING UP ON ME, PULLED OFF INTO EMERGENCY LA…
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2012 TOYOTA TACOMA W 47K MILES 4 YRS OLD. BOUGHT BRAND NEW FROM TOYOTA. I WAS DRIVING THE VEHICLE TO WORK AND CHECK ENGINE LIGHT AND TRAC OFF BOTH CAME ON. ATTEMPTED TO ACCELERATE UP A HILL OVER A BRIDGE AND COULD NOT GO BEYOND 20 MPH WITH ACCELERATOR ALL THE WAY DOWN!. VEHICLES SPEEDING UP ON ME, PULLED OFF INTO EMERGENCY LANE. VEHICLE TOWED AND BROUGHT TO DEALERSHIP WHERE THEY TOLD ME A 'BANK 1 SECONDARY AIR INJECTION SWITCHING VALVE' NEEDS TO BE REPLACED AT ABOUT $900. NOT COVERED UNDER WARRANTY OR A RECALL. RESEARCH ON INTERNET SHOWS THAT THIS IS A COMMON AND DANGEROUS PROBLEM FOR THIS YEAR MAKE AND MODEL. TOYOTA CC CALLED WITH REPORT FILED. SOMETHING NEEDS TO BE DONE BEFORE THERE IS A SERIOUS INJURY OR MORTALITY DUE TO THE VEHICLE NOT BEING ABLE TO ACCELERATE IN A VULNERABLE POSITION.
Official recalls
717V425000 · Equipment; Structure:body:hood:hinge And Attachments
Jul 3, 2017
Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain 2011-2016 Toyota Tacoma and 4Runner vehicles equipped with accessory hood scoops installed by SET or SET dealers. The adhesive attaching the hood scoop may weaken, allowing the hood scoop to detach from the vehicle.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: If the hood scoop detaches, it may become a road hazard, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: SET will notify owners, and dealers will mechanically fasten the scoop to the hood, free of charge. The recall began on September 1, 2017. Owners may contact SET customer service at 1-954-429-2000. SET's number for this recall is SET17B.
Additional source detail variants (2)
Equipment
Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain 2011-2016 Toyota Tacoma and 4Runner vehicles equipped with accessory hood scoops installed by SET or SET dealers. The adhesive attaching the hood scoop may weaken, allowing the hood scoop to detach from the vehicle.
Consequence: If the hood scoop detaches, it may become a road hazard, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: SET will notify owners, and dealers will mechanically fasten the scoop to the hood, free of charge. The recall began on September 1, 2017. Owners may contact SET customer service at 1-954-429-2000. SET's number for this recall is SET17B.
Structure:body:hood:hinge And Attachments
Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain 2011-2016 Toyota Tacoma and 4Runner vehicles equipped with accessory hood scoops installed by SET or SET dealers. The adhesive attaching the hood scoop may weaken, allowing the hood scoop to detach from the vehicle.
Consequence: If the hood scoop detaches, it may become a road hazard, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: SET will notify owners, and dealers will mechanically fasten the scoop to the hood, free of charge. The recall began on September 1, 2017. Owners may contact SET customer service at 1-954-429-2000. SET's number for this recall is SET17B.
14V475000 · Equipment:other:labels
Aug 4, 2014
Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing (Toyota) is recalling certain model year 2008-2014 FJ Cruiser and Tacoma vehicles equipped with accessory wheels and tires installed by Toyota or dealers prior to the vehicle's first sale. The affected vehicles may list incorrect spare tire size and/or cold tire inflation information on the tire placard. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 110, "Tire Selection and Rims for Passenger Cars."
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: If the spare tire is inflated to the incorrect pressure provided on the placard, tire failure may occur while it is being driven on, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: For the involved vehicles, overlay stickers to correct the tire placard will either be mailed to owners or provided to dealers for placement over the incorrect information on the placard. The recall is expected to begin in September 2014. Owners may contact Toyota customer service at 1-800-331-4331.
14V054000 · Electronic Stability Control (esc); Service Brakes, Hydraulic:antilock/traction Control/electronic Limited Slip:control Unit/module
Feb 12, 2014
Toyota is recalling certain model year 2012 and 2013 Toyota Tacoma and Lexus RX350 vehicles and certain model year 2012 Toyota Rav4 vehicles. In the affected vehicles, the brake system contains a brake actuator that adjusts the fluid pressure of each wheel cylinder. An electrical component within the actuator may experience an increased resistance resulting in the illumination of various warning lights, including those for the Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) system, Antilock Brake System (ABS), and Traction Control system.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: If this occurs, these systems could become inoperative, reducing the directional control assistance, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: Toyota will notify owners, and Toyota and Lexus dealers will update the software for the Skid Control electronic control unit, free of charge. The recall began on March 28, 2014. Owners may contact Toyota at 1-800-331-4331.
Additional source detail variants (2)
Electronic Stability Control (esc)
Toyota is recalling certain model year 2012 and 2013 Toyota Tacoma and Lexus RX350 vehicles and certain model year 2012 Toyota Rav4 vehicles. In the affected vehicles, the brake system contains a brake actuator that adjusts the fluid pressure of each wheel cylinder. An electrical component within the actuator may experience an increased resistance resulting in the illumination of various warning lights, including those for the Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) system, Antilock Brake System (ABS), and Traction Control system.
Consequence: If this occurs, these systems could become inoperative, reducing the directional control assistance, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: Toyota will notify owners, and Toyota and Lexus dealers will update the software for the Skid Control electronic control unit, free of charge. The recall began on March 28, 2014. Owners may contact Toyota at 1-800-331-4331.
Service Brakes, Hydraulic:antilock/traction Control/electronic Limited Slip:control Unit/module
Toyota is recalling certain model year 2012 and 2013 Toyota Tacoma and Lexus RX350 vehicles and certain model year 2012 Toyota Rav4 vehicles. In the affected vehicles, the brake system contains a brake actuator that adjusts the fluid pressure of each wheel cylinder. An electrical component within the actuator may experience an increased resistance resulting in the illumination of various warning lights, including those for the Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) system, Antilock Brake System (ABS), and Traction Control system.
Consequence: If this occurs, these systems could become inoperative, reducing the directional control assistance, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: Toyota will notify owners, and Toyota and Lexus dealers will update the software for the Skid Control electronic control unit, free of charge. The recall began on March 28, 2014. Owners may contact Toyota at 1-800-331-4331.
13V494000 · Tires:temporary/emergency Spare Tire
Oct 17, 2013
Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain model year 2012-2013 Tacoma vehicles equipped with 18" Maverick Alloy Wheels. In the affected vehicles, the spare tire requires the use of a different style of lug nut to attach it to the vehicle than the other wheels use. These lug nuts were not provided with the vehicle.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: If the spare tire/wheel is installed on the vehicle using the lug nuts from another wheel, damage to the wheel could result and may eventually lead to a loose wheel, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: SET will notify owners, and dealers will: (a) Install a Warning Label on the spare tire/wheel, (b) supply a bag containing proper spare wheel lug nuts, and (c) place an Owner's Manual Addendum in the vehicle's glove box. The recall began on January 23, 2014. Owners may contact SET at 1-954-429-2000.
13V123000 · Equipment:other:labels
Apr 9, 2013
Southeast Toyota is recalling certain model year 2008 and 2010-2013 Toyota Tundra, 2010-2012 Rav4, 2012 Toyota Sequoia, 2010-2011 Toyota Corolla, 2010-2011 Toyota Camry and Camry Hybrid, 2010-2013 Toyota Highlander and Highlander Hybrid, 2010-2013 Toyota FJ Cruiser, 2011 Toyota Land Cruiser, 2010-2013 Toyota Venza, 2010-2011 Toyota 4Runner, 2010-2013 Toyota Tacoma, 2011-2012 Toyota Sienna, 2012 Toyota Prius, 2013 Scion FR-S, 2011 Scion XD, 2011 Scion XB, and 2012 Scion TC vehicles. These vehicles were sold with labels that were outside the allowable one percent of accuracy of actual weight added. Thus, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) Number 110, "Tire Selection and Rims."
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: An inaccurate label could lead to owners overloading their vehicles and tires. An overloaded vehicle can result in a tire failure which may result in a vehicle crash, personal injury, or property damage.
Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners and provide a corrected label with instructions concerning its installation. A small group of the affected vehicles will need additonal remedies which are still being developed. The recall began on May 28, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.
13V014000 · Air Bags:frontal:sensor/control MODULE-INACTIVE ; Seats
Jan 16, 2013
Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain models interspersed through model years 2009 through 2013 as follows: model year 2009-2012 Tacoma, 4Runner, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Prius, and RAV4; model year 2009-2010 Avalon, FJ Cruiser, and Highlander Hybrid; model year 2010-2013 model year Corolla, Sienna and Tundra; model year 2009-2013 Highlander and Venza; model year 2012 Prius V; and model year 2010-2012 Sequoia. During modification by SET to include accessories such as leather seat covers, seat heaters or headrest DVD systems, these vehicles may not have had the passenger seat occupant sensing system calibration tested. Without passing the calibration test, the occupant sensing system may not operate as designed.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: If the front passenger seat occupant sensing system is out of calibration, the front passenger airbags may not deploy or they may deploy inappropriately for the passenger's size and position. This could increase the risk of personal injury during the event of a vehicle crash necessitating airbag deployment.
Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will test the sensitivity of the occupant detection sensors, and recalibrate them as necessary. The recall began on March 21, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.
Additional source detail variants (2)
Seats
Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain models interspersed through model years 2009 through 2013 as follows: model year 2009-2012 Tacoma, 4Runner, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Prius, and RAV4; model year 2009-2010 Avalon, FJ Cruiser, and Highlander Hybrid; model year 2010-2013 model year Corolla, Sienna and Tundra; model year 2009-2013 Highlander and Venza; model year 2012 Prius V; and model year 2010-2012 Sequoia. During modification by SET to include accessories such as leather seat covers, seat heaters or headrest DVD systems, these vehicles may not have had the passenger seat occupant sensing system calibration tested. Without passing the calibration test, the occupant sensing system may not operate as designed.
Consequence: If the front passenger seat occupant sensing system is out of calibration, the front passenger airbags may not deploy or they may deploy inappropriately for the passenger's size and position. This could increase the risk of personal injury during the event of a vehicle crash necessitating airbag deployment.
Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will test the sensitivity of the occupant detection sensors, and recalibrate them as necessary. The recall began on March 21, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.
Air Bags:frontal:sensor/control MODULE-INACTIVE
Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain models interspersed through model years 2009 through 2013 as follows: model year 2009-2012 Tacoma, 4Runner, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Prius, and RAV4; model year 2009-2010 Avalon, FJ Cruiser, and Highlander Hybrid; model year 2010-2013 model year Corolla, Sienna and Tundra; model year 2009-2013 Highlander and Venza; model year 2012 Prius V; and model year 2010-2012 Sequoia. During modification by SET to include accessories such as leather seat covers, seat heaters or headrest DVD systems, these vehicles may not have had the passenger seat occupant sensing system calibration tested. Without passing the calibration test, the occupant sensing system may not operate as designed.
Consequence: If the front passenger seat occupant sensing system is out of calibration, the front passenger airbags may not deploy or they may deploy inappropriately for the passenger's size and position. This could increase the risk of personal injury during the event of a vehicle crash necessitating airbag deployment.
Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will test the sensitivity of the occupant detection sensors, and recalibrate them as necessary. The recall began on March 21, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.
12V158000 · Equipment:other:labels
Apr 10, 2012
GULF STATES TOYOTA (GST) IS RECALLING CERTAIN MODEL YEAR 2012 TACOMA TRUCKS. THE TIRE AND LOADING INFORMATION PLACARD ON EACH VEHICLE CONTAINS INACCURATE SPARE TIRE SIZE AND COLD INFLATION PRESSURE INFORMATION. THUS, THESE VEHICLES FAIL TO COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARD NO. 110,TIRE SELECTION AND RIMS.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: AN INCORRECT PLACARD COULD LEAD TO IMPROPER SPARE TIRE USE OR REPLACEMENT WHICH COULD RESULT IN A TIRE FAILURE, INCREASING THE RISK OF A CRASH.
Remedy: GST WILL NOTIFY OWNERS, AND SEND EACH OWNER A CORRECTED PLACARD, FREE OF CHARGE. THE SAFETY RECALL BEGAN ON JUNE 5, 2012. OWNERS MAY CONTACT GULF STATES TOYOTA, INC. AT 1-713-744-3465.
Model-level recall history does not show whether a particular VIN is affected or has received a repair. Check a VIN with NHTSA ↗
NHTSA investigations
1EA19001 · Electrical Overstress
Opened Apr 19, 2019 · Closed Sep 19, 2024
Status: closed (inferred from source dates) · Air Bags: Air Bag/restraint Control Module
The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened this investigation to determine if the failure of airbags to deploy during severe crashes, in certain vehicles, was the result of a safety related defect. During the investigation a complex failure was studied that can result in non-deployment of subject vehicle air bags and other restraint system devices in severe crash events. The subject vehicles may be equipped with an airbag control unit (ACU) for the supplemental restraint system (SRS) Electronic Control Unit (ECU) manufactured by ZF-TRW. The ECU receives signals from crash sensors mounted in the vehicle and deploys the vehicle air bags and seat belt pretensioners in accordance with manufacturer design specifications. The ECU in the subject vehicles contains a model DS84 application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) which controls the communication of the crash sensor signal, firing commands (i.e., when to deploy the airbag(s) and/or pretensioners), and fault information (e.g., diagnostic trouble codes). In September 2016, FCA announced recall 16V-668 for certain model year (MY) 2010 to 2014 Chrysler, Dodge and Jeep products manufactured with the subject ZF-TRW ACU. In this recall, FCA discussed an EOS condition that resulted in a failure of the subject DS84 ASIC, which caused air bag non-deployment. FCA noted that the defect condition had only been observed in vehicles equipped with sensor harnessing routed across the front of the vehicle. Other FCA vehicles that also used the subject ACU, but were not equipped with cross-car harnessing, had not experienced EOS failures, despite similar time in service. During the course of this investigation, ODI sent two separate Information Request (IR) letters to six vehicle manufactures (including FCA, Hyundai, Honda, Kia, Mitsubishi, and Toyota) and one IR letter to ZF-TRW. These IR letters resulted in ODI receiving comprehensive data from these manufacturers and suppliers. Studies of this data found that the DS84 ASIC does not have sufficient protection against negative electrical transients or electrical overstress (“EOS”) that can be generated in certain severe crashes. An electrical transient occurs when the electrical power supplied to a circuit changes momentarily over a short duration of time. In these severe crash cases, the crash sensors and other powered wiring can be damaged and short circuited so as to create a negative electrical transient of sufficient intensity and duration (that are outside the vehicle manufacturer's specification) to damage the ASIC before the restraint device deployment signal is received by the SRS ECU. This damaged signal can lead to incomplete or nondeployment of the air bags and/or pretensioners. Airbag non-deployment and/or lack of pretensioner operation can increase the risk or severity of injury in a crash.A total of 8 fatalities and 14 injuries were associated with known EOS events. The common element in all investigated manufacturers vehicles is the SRS ECU containing a DS84 ASIC manufactured by ZF-TRW. The risk associated with the ASIC is equally shared among all OEMS involved in the investigation. The actual real-world risk can be mitigated by other factors which were assessed by ODI during this investigation. The first mitigating factor involves protections built into the ACU design which protect the DS84 ASIC from damage. There are multiple strategies and levels of protection employed by different OEMs that provide effective EOS mitigation. The two most common strategies at the ACU level are circuit protection diodes on the remote senor signal lines, and current limiting resistors that protect critical components. The second mitigating factor is found at the vehicle level and involves the location and routing of the wires leading from the crash sensors to the SRS ECU. If the wires are well protected in a crash and are not routed with other power wires carrying large currents, the risk for an EOS event is significantly reduced or eliminated. These design specific factors combine to produce a spectrum of risk for the vehicles equipped with ACUs using the DS84 ASIC. Given the many of years of field exposure, it is possible to divide the subject population into two groups; vehicles which have experienced EOS events, and vehicles which have not experienced EOS field events. Four of the six OEMs involved in this investigation have experienced EOS field events on at least one of their models equipped with a DS84 ASIC. All vehicle models (including the Toyota models identified in the Failure Report Summary of the opening resume for this investigation) with field events have been recalled. In an abundance of caution, ODI kept this investigation open five years to monitor field performance and did not identify any field events on vehicles not included in existing safety recalls. Given the spectrum of risk identified in this investigation and that all vehicles with a demonstrated unreasonable risk have been recalled, ODI is closing this investigation. ODI is closing this investigation with the following manufacturer safety recalls: 16V-668, 18E-043, 18V-137, 18V-363, and 20V-024. With the recall actions taken by the subject vehicle and equipment manufacturers, this investigation is closed. The closing of this investigation does not constitute a finding by NHTSA that a safety-related defect does not exists on other model or model year vehicles outside of the recall scopes. The agency reserves the right to take further action if warranted by the circumstances.