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2012 Toyota Tundra

Owner reports · Recalls · Investigations

Similar to other model years

Owner complaints for the 2012 Toyota Tundra do not stand out strongly from the model-year median of 144.5.

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When problems were reported

Mileage at the reported incident

119 reports with mileage · 36 unknown

NHTSA’s mileage field refers to the reported incident, not necessarily the filing date. This shows report counts, not the likelihood of a failure.

What to inspect

Issues worth paying extra attention to based on owner reports.

  • Engine. Review the 57 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
  • Fuel/propulsion System. Review the 25 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
  • Power Train. Review the 21 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →

NHTSA owner reports · September 18, 2026 snapshot.

7 crash reports2 fire reports1 injury reports

Fuel/propulsion System complaints

25 reports
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78,000 miles · Jan 18, 2020
EngineFuel/propulsion System

MY TRUCK HAS BEEN HAVING HARD START ISSUES SINCE WINTER 2017. I FIGURED IT WAS MY BATTERY SO I REPLACED IT, BUT IT DIDNT HELP. THE HARD START WASN'T CONSISTENT SO I CHOSE TAKE SOME TIME TO SEE IF ANY OTHER PROBLEMS SURFACED. GOT THROUGH WINTER 2018 AND SPRING/SUMMER 2019 WITH IT STILL STARTING ROUGH ON OCCASION. BY OCTOBER 2019 …

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MY TRUCK HAS BEEN HAVING HARD START ISSUES SINCE WINTER 2017. I FIGURED IT WAS MY BATTERY SO I REPLACED IT, BUT IT DIDNT HELP. THE HARD START WASN'T CONSISTENT SO I CHOSE TAKE SOME TIME TO SEE IF ANY OTHER PROBLEMS SURFACED. GOT THROUGH WINTER 2018 AND SPRING/SUMMER 2019 WITH IT STILL STARTING ROUGH ON OCCASION. BY OCTOBER 2019 MY TRUCK REACHED APPROX 78K MILES, AND ONE DAY IT DIDN'T START AT ALL. TOOK THREE TRIES TO GET IT GOING. I HAD THE BATTERY CHECKED ONCE AGAIN. IT TESTED BAD BUT IT WAS UNDER WARRANTY SO I HAD I LT SWAPPED OUT. THE PROBLEM PERSISTED. THIS TIME IT GAVE ME AN ENGINE LIGHT. MECHANIC SAID IT WAS AN 'EVAP CODE' AND RECOMMENDED I REPLACE THE GAS CAP TO START. CODE DIDNT RETURN BUT STILL HARD STARTING. TOOK ALMOST TWO MONTHS AND ENGINE LIGHT CAME BACK ON. THIS TIME P1604 STARTABILITY MALFUNCTION. WAS TOLD I HAD TO TAKE IT TO TOYOTA TO GET A REFLASH. I DECIDED TO DO SOME RESEARCH AND CAME ACROSS THE PROBLEMS TUNDRA OWNERS WERE HAVING WITH THIS FFV DENSITY SENSOR MALFUNCTION. PRINTED THE OLD SERVICE BULLETINS AND WENT TO TOYOTA TO TALK TO SERVICE DEPT ABOUT IT. THEY SAID TOYOTA JUST PUT OUT A NEW SERVICE BULLETIN IN DECEMBER 2019 FOR THE REFLASH BUT NOW ALSO REPLACING THE FUEL PUMP (TOYOTA TOLD ME DENSITY SENSOR ATTACHED TO THE PUMP). UNFORTUNATELY TOYOTA ALSO TOLD ME THEY WON'T COVER THE COST SINCE MY TRUCK HAD JUST GONE OVER 80K MILES, AND THEY ARE NOT FLEXIBLE WITH THAT AT ALL, EVEN THOUGH I TOLD THEM IT STARTED BEFORE 80K. T-SB-0166-19. SO I GOT PRICES. THE REFLASH IS ABOUT $140 AND JUST THE COST OF THE PUMP ITSELF IS $600, NOT INCLUDING LABOR. I HAVE SPOKEN TO THE TOYOTA USA CUSTOMER CARE TEAM AND THEY SAID THEY CANT HELP ME SINCE I DIDNT TAKE IT TO THE DEALER TO DIAGNOSE IT. APPARENTLY IT DOESNT MATTER IF YOU HAVE SERVICE RECORDS FROM ANOTHER SHOP. THIS IS MY 3RD TOYOTA, AND I LOVE MY TRUCK SO THIS BREAKS MY HEART.

NHTSA ODI #11300231

69,000 miles · May 10, 2019
Fuel/propulsion System

MY 2012 TUNDRA HAS JUST UNDER 70,000 MILES ON IT AND THE TRAC LIGHT AND ENGINE LIGHT CAME ON YESTERDAY. HAD IT LOOKED AT AND THE MECHANIC SAYS THE PROBLEM IS WITH THE SECONDARY AIR PUMP AND IT IS A KNOWN PROBLEM. CALLED THE DEALER AND THEY KNEW OF THE PROBLEM AND TOLD ME THERE IS A CSP THAT COVERS CERTAIN 2012 TUNDRA'S. UNFOR…

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MY 2012 TUNDRA HAS JUST UNDER 70,000 MILES ON IT AND THE TRAC LIGHT AND ENGINE LIGHT CAME ON YESTERDAY. HAD IT LOOKED AT AND THE MECHANIC SAYS THE PROBLEM IS WITH THE SECONDARY AIR PUMP AND IT IS A KNOWN PROBLEM. CALLED THE DEALER AND THEY KNEW OF THE PROBLEM AND TOLD ME THERE IS A CSP THAT COVERS CERTAIN 2012 TUNDRA'S. UNFORTUNATELY THE CSP ONLY COVERS THE 5.7 L. ENGINES AND NOT MY 4.6L MODEL. MY MECHANIC SAYS THAT EVERYTHING IS THE EXACT SAME SET UP AS FAR AS THE SECONDARY AIR PUMP, IT'S JUST A DIFFERENT SIZE ENGINE. NOT SURE WHY ONE IS COVERED BUT THE OTHER ISN'T BUT I'LL HAVE TO SUCK IT UP AND PAY THE PRICE. MAYBE IF MORE PEOPLE MAKE TOYOTA AWARE OF THIS THEY WILL EVENTUALLY COVER IT. I'M A TOYOTA FAN AND HAVE BEEN DRIVING THEM FOR 40 YEARS AND THIS WON'T PUSH ME AWAY BUT IT IS DISAPPOINTING.

NHTSA ODI #11206772

86,900 miles · Apr 11, 2019
EngineFuel/propulsion System

WHILE DRIVING, MULTIPLE DASHBOARD LIGHTS CAME ON AND MY TRUCK WENT INTO "LIMP MODE," MEANING I LOST ALMOST ALL POWER WHILE DRIVING IN HEAVY TRAFFIC. TURNS OUT THIS IS AN ISSUE WITH THE AIR INJECTION PUMP, WHICH IS A KNOWN PROBLEM IN TOYOTA TUNDRAS. I BELIEVE THIS IS A SAFETY ISSUE THAT TOYOTA NEEDS TO ADDRESS.

NHTSA ODI #11195714

56,000 miles · Apr 9, 2019
Fuel/propulsion System

AT FIRST I STARTED HEARING WHAT SOUND LIKE A FAN RUNNING UNDER THE HOOD AFTER I STARTED MY TRUCK. ABOUT A WEEK LATER MY CHECK ENGINE LIGHT CAME ON FOLLOWED BY THE TRACK LIGHT. CODE P2442 WHICH STATED THAT THE AIR INJECTOR PUMPS AND VALVES WERE FAILING. WE BROUGHT THE TRUCK TO TOYOTA AND THEY HAD TOLD US THAT IT WOULD COST US 400…

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AT FIRST I STARTED HEARING WHAT SOUND LIKE A FAN RUNNING UNDER THE HOOD AFTER I STARTED MY TRUCK. ABOUT A WEEK LATER MY CHECK ENGINE LIGHT CAME ON FOLLOWED BY THE TRACK LIGHT. CODE P2442 WHICH STATED THAT THE AIR INJECTOR PUMPS AND VALVES WERE FAILING. WE BROUGHT THE TRUCK TO TOYOTA AND THEY HAD TOLD US THAT IT WOULD COST US 4000.00 TO GET IT FIXED, AFTER CHARGING US 144.72 TO HOOK A CODE READER TO IT WHICH WOULD OF COST US NOTHING TO TAKE IT TO AUTO ZONE. OUR WARRANTY WAS SUPPOSED TO COVER BUMPER TO BUMPER UP 10YRS OR 100,000 MILES WITH EVER CAME FIRST. THEY TOLD US THAT OUR WARRANTY EXPIRED THE WEEK BEFORE WE BROUGHT IT IN.

NHTSA ODI #11195048

60,250 miles · Oct 3, 2018
Fuel/propulsion System

THE SECONDARY AIR INJECTION SYSTEM HAS FAILED. IT IS A COMMON PROBLEM ON TUNDRAS. POWER LOSS OCCURS WHILE DRIVING AND THE VEHICLE CANT GET OVER 45MPH.

NHTSA ODI #11133081

98,000 miles · Sep 8, 2018
Fuel/propulsion System

CODE P2440 SWITCHING VALVE. WARRANTIES COVER 2012 TACOMA'S BUT NOT TUNDRAS. PART WHICH IS A SWITCHING VALVE CAUSES THE VEHICLE TO GO FROM 60 TO 30 MPH CAUSING AN UNSAFE CONDITION.

NHTSA ODI #11128204

109,000 miles · Jan 26, 2018
EngineFuel/propulsion System

MONDAY, JANUARY 15TH I DROVE AT 65 MPH TO WORK AT AND HOME ON THE FREEWAY WITH NO PROBLEMS. TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY THE TRUCK WAS STATIONARY DUE TO COLD WEATHER CONDITIONS IN HOUSTON, TEXAS. THURSDAY MORNING THE 18TH, I DROVE AT 65 MPH TO WORK VIA FREEWAY WITH NO PROBLEMS. AFTER LUNCH I DROVE AT 45 MPH BACK TO WORK ON A STREET AN…

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MONDAY, JANUARY 15TH I DROVE AT 65 MPH TO WORK AT AND HOME ON THE FREEWAY WITH NO PROBLEMS. TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY THE TRUCK WAS STATIONARY DUE TO COLD WEATHER CONDITIONS IN HOUSTON, TEXAS. THURSDAY MORNING THE 18TH, I DROVE AT 65 MPH TO WORK VIA FREEWAY WITH NO PROBLEMS. AFTER LUNCH I DROVE AT 45 MPH BACK TO WORK ON A STREET AND NOTICED THE CHECK ENGINE AND TRACTION LIGHT CAME ON AND SIMULTANEOUSLY THE TRUCK THEN STARTING DRIVING EXTREMELY SLUGGISH AND AND FAR BELOW THE SPEED LIMIT OBSTRUCTING THE FLOW OF TRAFFIC. I CAREFULLY GOT OVER AND DROVE THE TRUCK ONLY ALLOWED AT 30 MPH BACK TO THE OFFICE. AFTER CAREFULLY DRIVING HOME VIA STREET AT THE END OF THE DAY I GOT HOME AND REMOVED THE NEGATIVE WIRE FROM BATTERY AND RE-CONNECTED IT TO SEE IF THIS WOULD RESOLVE THE ISSUE. AFTER DOING SO, THE RESULTS WERE THE LIGHTS IN THE DASH WERE NOW OFF AND THE TRUCK DROVE PROPER WITH NO HINDRANCE. THIS WOULD LAST UNTIL WEDNESDAY 24TH. BOTH LIGHTS CAME BACK ON AND THE TRUCK STARTED AGAIN DRIVING SLUGGISHLY. ITS SEEM THAT WHEN THE LIGHT IS OFF THE TRUCK DRIVES FINE, BUT WHEN IT IS TRIGGERED THE TRUCK IS DRIVES EXTREMELY SLUGGISH. COULD THE BE A DEFECTIVE PART? ANY HELP WOULD BE USEFUL.

NHTSA ODI #11065298

Mileage unknown · Nov 15, 2016
Fuel/propulsion System

I EXPERIENCED AN EXTREME POWER LOSS WHICH MADE IT VERY DANGEROUS TO DRIVE. WHEN BRINGING TO THE DEALERSHIP THEY INFORMED ME THAT THE SECONDARY AIR INTAKE SYSTEM NEEDED TO BE REPLACED AT A COST OF $4,000. UPON RESEARCHING I FOUND THAT THIS PROBLEM HAS OCCURRED ON SIMILAR VEHICLES DATING BACK TO 2007. A RECALL AND REPLACEMENT WAS …

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I EXPERIENCED AN EXTREME POWER LOSS WHICH MADE IT VERY DANGEROUS TO DRIVE. WHEN BRINGING TO THE DEALERSHIP THEY INFORMED ME THAT THE SECONDARY AIR INTAKE SYSTEM NEEDED TO BE REPLACED AT A COST OF $4,000. UPON RESEARCHING I FOUND THAT THIS PROBLEM HAS OCCURRED ON SIMILAR VEHICLES DATING BACK TO 2007. A RECALL AND REPLACEMENT WAS ISSUED FOR ALL EFFECTED VEHICLES FROM 2007-2010. IT APPEARS THAT THE PROBLEM CONTINUES AFTER THAT DATE BUT NOT ENOUGH CUSTOMERS HAVE COMPLAINED OR EXPERIENCED THE PROBLEM YET.

NHTSA ODI #10926200

78,000 miles · Mar 24, 2016
EngineFuel/propulsion System

AFTER STARTING THE ENGINE, THE ENGINE RAISED PAST RED LINE RPM FOR SEVERAL SECONDS. AFTER SLOWING, I STARTED TO BACK OUT DRIVE WHEN ENGINE RAISED AGAIN INTO RED LINE RPM. BEFORE I GOT IT PULLED BACK INTO DRIVE, IT RAISED 3 MORE TIMES. EACH TIME I MANAGED TO GET TO NEUTRAL.

NHTSA ODI #10851491

51,000 miles · Sep 8, 2014
Fuel/propulsion System

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2012 TOYOTA TUNDRA. WHILE ATTEMPTING TO DRIVE THE VEHICLE, THE CONTACT NOTICED THAT THE CHECK ENGINE INDICATOR ILLUMINATED. THE DEALER STATED THAT THERE WAS A PUNCTURE IN THE FUEL LINE. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 51,000.

NHTSA ODI #10631667

Official recalls

3

21V920000 · Steering:hydraulic Power Assist System; Steering:rack And Pinion

Nov 23, 2021

Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing (Toyota) is recalling certain 2008-2022 Sequoia and 2007-2021 Tundra vehicles. The power steering gear assembly may have been manufactured incorrectly, which can result in an oil leak.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: An oil leak may cause a sudden loss of power steering assist, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: Dealers will inspect and replace the power steering gear assembly as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed on January 21, 2022. Owners may contact Toyota customer service at 1-800-331-4331. Toyota's numbers for this recall are 21TB10 and 21TA10.

Additional source detail variants (2)

Steering:hydraulic Power Assist System

Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing (Toyota) is recalling certain 2008-2022 Sequoia and 2007-2021 Tundra vehicles. The power steering gear assembly may have been manufactured incorrectly, which can result in an oil leak.

Consequence: An oil leak may cause a sudden loss of power steering assist, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: Dealers will inspect and replace the power steering gear assembly as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed on January 21, 2022. Owners may contact Toyota customer service at 1-800-331-4331. Toyota's numbers for this recall are 21TB10 and 21TA10.

Steering:rack And Pinion

Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing (Toyota) is recalling certain 2008-2022 Sequoia and 2007-2021 Tundra vehicles. The power steering gear assembly may have been manufactured incorrectly, which can result in an oil leak.

Consequence: An oil leak may cause a sudden loss of power steering assist, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: Dealers will inspect and replace the power steering gear assembly as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed on January 21, 2022. Owners may contact Toyota customer service at 1-800-331-4331. Toyota's numbers for this recall are 21TB10 and 21TA10.

13V123000 · Equipment:other:labels

Apr 9, 2013

Southeast Toyota is recalling certain model year 2008 and 2010-2013 Toyota Tundra, 2010-2012 Rav4, 2012 Toyota Sequoia, 2010-2011 Toyota Corolla, 2010-2011 Toyota Camry and Camry Hybrid, 2010-2013 Toyota Highlander and Highlander Hybrid, 2010-2013 Toyota FJ Cruiser, 2011 Toyota Land Cruiser, 2010-2013 Toyota Venza, 2010-2011 Toyota 4Runner, 2010-2013 Toyota Tacoma, 2011-2012 Toyota Sienna, 2012 Toyota Prius, 2013 Scion FR-S, 2011 Scion XD, 2011 Scion XB, and 2012 Scion TC vehicles. These vehicles were sold with labels that were outside the allowable one percent of accuracy of actual weight added. Thus, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) Number 110, "Tire Selection and Rims."

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: An inaccurate label could lead to owners overloading their vehicles and tires. An overloaded vehicle can result in a tire failure which may result in a vehicle crash, personal injury, or property damage.

Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners and provide a corrected label with instructions concerning its installation. A small group of the affected vehicles will need additonal remedies which are still being developed. The recall began on May 28, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.

13V014000 · Air Bags:frontal:sensor/control MODULE-INACTIVE ; Seats

Jan 16, 2013

Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain models interspersed through model years 2009 through 2013 as follows: model year 2009-2012 Tacoma, 4Runner, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Prius, and RAV4; model year 2009-2010 Avalon, FJ Cruiser, and Highlander Hybrid; model year 2010-2013 model year Corolla, Sienna and Tundra; model year 2009-2013 Highlander and Venza; model year 2012 Prius V; and model year 2010-2012 Sequoia. During modification by SET to include accessories such as leather seat covers, seat heaters or headrest DVD systems, these vehicles may not have had the passenger seat occupant sensing system calibration tested. Without passing the calibration test, the occupant sensing system may not operate as designed.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: If the front passenger seat occupant sensing system is out of calibration, the front passenger airbags may not deploy or they may deploy inappropriately for the passenger's size and position. This could increase the risk of personal injury during the event of a vehicle crash necessitating airbag deployment.

Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will test the sensitivity of the occupant detection sensors, and recalibrate them as necessary. The recall began on March 21, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.

Additional source detail variants (2)

Seats

Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain models interspersed through model years 2009 through 2013 as follows: model year 2009-2012 Tacoma, 4Runner, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Prius, and RAV4; model year 2009-2010 Avalon, FJ Cruiser, and Highlander Hybrid; model year 2010-2013 model year Corolla, Sienna and Tundra; model year 2009-2013 Highlander and Venza; model year 2012 Prius V; and model year 2010-2012 Sequoia. During modification by SET to include accessories such as leather seat covers, seat heaters or headrest DVD systems, these vehicles may not have had the passenger seat occupant sensing system calibration tested. Without passing the calibration test, the occupant sensing system may not operate as designed.

Consequence: If the front passenger seat occupant sensing system is out of calibration, the front passenger airbags may not deploy or they may deploy inappropriately for the passenger's size and position. This could increase the risk of personal injury during the event of a vehicle crash necessitating airbag deployment.

Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will test the sensitivity of the occupant detection sensors, and recalibrate them as necessary. The recall began on March 21, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.

Air Bags:frontal:sensor/control MODULE-INACTIVE

Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain models interspersed through model years 2009 through 2013 as follows: model year 2009-2012 Tacoma, 4Runner, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Prius, and RAV4; model year 2009-2010 Avalon, FJ Cruiser, and Highlander Hybrid; model year 2010-2013 model year Corolla, Sienna and Tundra; model year 2009-2013 Highlander and Venza; model year 2012 Prius V; and model year 2010-2012 Sequoia. During modification by SET to include accessories such as leather seat covers, seat heaters or headrest DVD systems, these vehicles may not have had the passenger seat occupant sensing system calibration tested. Without passing the calibration test, the occupant sensing system may not operate as designed.

Consequence: If the front passenger seat occupant sensing system is out of calibration, the front passenger airbags may not deploy or they may deploy inappropriately for the passenger's size and position. This could increase the risk of personal injury during the event of a vehicle crash necessitating airbag deployment.

Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will test the sensitivity of the occupant detection sensors, and recalibrate them as necessary. The recall began on March 21, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.

Model-level recall history does not show whether a particular VIN is affected or has received a repair. Check a VIN with NHTSA ↗

NHTSA investigations

1

EA19001 · Electrical Overstress

Opened Apr 19, 2019 · Closed Sep 19, 2024

Status: closed (inferred from source dates) · Air Bags: Air Bag/restraint Control Module

The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened this investigation to determine if the failure of airbags to deploy during severe crashes, in certain vehicles, was the result of a safety related defect.  During the investigation a complex failure was studied that can result in non-deployment of subject vehicle air bags and other restraint system devices in severe crash events. The subject vehicles may be equipped with an airbag control unit (ACU) for the supplemental restraint system (SRS) Electronic Control Unit (ECU) manufactured by ZF-TRW.  The ECU receives signals from crash sensors mounted in the vehicle and deploys the vehicle air bags and seat belt pretensioners in accordance with manufacturer design specifications.  The ECU in the subject vehicles contains a model DS84 application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) which controls the communication of the crash sensor signal, firing commands (i.e., when to deploy the airbag(s) and/or pretensioners), and fault information (e.g., diagnostic trouble codes). In September 2016, FCA announced recall 16V-668 for certain model year (MY) 2010 to 2014 Chrysler, Dodge and Jeep products manufactured with the subject ZF-TRW ACU.  In this recall, FCA discussed an EOS condition that resulted in a failure of the subject DS84 ASIC, which caused air bag non-deployment.  FCA noted that the defect condition had only been observed in vehicles equipped with sensor harnessing routed across the front of the vehicle.  Other FCA vehicles that also used the subject ACU, but were not equipped with cross-car harnessing, had not experienced EOS failures, despite similar time in service. During the course of this investigation, ODI sent two separate Information Request (IR) letters to six vehicle manufactures (including FCA, Hyundai, Honda, Kia, Mitsubishi, and Toyota) and one IR letter to ZF-TRW.  These IR letters resulted in ODI receiving comprehensive data from these manufacturers and suppliers. Studies of this data found that the DS84 ASIC does not have sufficient protection against negative electrical transients or electrical overstress (“EOS”) that can be generated in certain severe crashes.  An electrical transient occurs when the electrical power supplied to a circuit changes momentarily over a short duration of time.   In these severe crash cases, the crash sensors and other powered wiring can be damaged and short circuited so as to create a negative electrical transient of sufficient intensity and duration (that are outside the vehicle manufacturer's specification) to damage the ASIC before the restraint device deployment signal is received by the SRS ECU.  This damaged signal can lead to incomplete or nondeployment of the air bags and/or pretensioners.  Airbag non-deployment and/or lack of pretensioner operation can increase the risk or severity of injury in a crash.A total of 8 fatalities and 14 injuries were associated with known EOS events. The common element in all investigated manufacturers vehicles is the SRS ECU containing a DS84 ASIC manufactured by ZF-TRW.  The risk associated with the ASIC is equally shared among all OEMS involved in the investigation.  The actual real-world risk can be mitigated by other factors which were assessed by ODI during this investigation. The first mitigating factor involves protections built into the ACU design which protect the DS84 ASIC from damage.  There are multiple strategies and levels of protection employed by different OEMs that provide effective EOS mitigation.  The two most common strategies at the ACU level are circuit protection diodes on the remote senor signal lines, and current limiting resistors that protect critical components. The second mitigating factor is found at the vehicle level and involves the location and routing of the wires leading from the crash sensors to the SRS ECU.  If the wires are well protected in a crash and are not routed with other power wires carrying large currents, the risk for an EOS event is significantly reduced or eliminated. These design specific factors combine to produce a spectrum of risk for the vehicles equipped with ACUs using the DS84 ASIC.  Given the many of years of field exposure, it is possible to divide the subject population into two groups; vehicles which have experienced EOS events, and vehicles which have not experienced EOS field events. Four of the six OEMs involved in this investigation have experienced EOS field events on at least one of their models equipped with a DS84 ASIC.  All vehicle models (including the Toyota models identified in the Failure Report Summary of the opening resume for this investigation) with field events have been recalled.  In an abundance of caution, ODI kept this investigation open five years to monitor field performance and did not identify any field events on vehicles not included in existing safety recalls. Given the spectrum of risk identified in this investigation and that all vehicles with a demonstrated unreasonable risk have been recalled, ODI is closing this investigation. ODI is closing this investigation with the following manufacturer safety recalls: 16V-668, 18E-043, 18V-137, 18V-363, and 20V-024.  With the recall actions taken by the subject vehicle and equipment manufacturers, this investigation is closed. The closing of this investigation does not constitute a finding by NHTSA that a safety-related defect does not exists on other model or model year vehicles outside of the recall scopes. The agency reserves the right to take further action if warranted by the circumstances.