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2010 Dodge RAM 2500

Owner reports · Recalls · Investigations

Similar to other model years

Owner complaints for the 2010 Dodge RAM 2500 do not stand out strongly from the model-year median of 275.

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How this year compares

Owner complaints by model year

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Counts vary with age, sales and reporting. They are not failure rates.

What owners reported most

All reported categories

Tap a category to read its complaints. One report may name several components.

When problems were reported

Mileage at the reported incident

133 reports with mileage · 103 unknown

NHTSA’s mileage field refers to the reported incident, not necessarily the filing date. This shows report counts, not the likelihood of a failure.

What to inspect

Issues worth paying extra attention to based on owner reports.

  • Steering. Review the 152 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
  • Suspension. Review the 32 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
  • Electrical System. Review the 22 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →

NHTSA owner reports · September 18, 2026 snapshot.

5 crash reports4 fire reports6 injury reports

Steering complaints

152 reports
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18,000 miles · Dec 19, 2011
Steering

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2010 DODGE RAM 2500. WHILE DRIVING 25 MPH, THE DRIVER SIDE TIE ROD FRACTURED, CAUSING THE TIRE TO DETACH FROM THE VEHICLE. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO THE DEALER WHO ADVISED THE CONTACT THAT THERE HIS VIN WAS NOT INCLUDED IN THE RECALL ASSOCIATED WITH NHTSA CAMPAIGN ID NUMBER: 11V350000 (STEERING: LINKAGES: T…

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TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2010 DODGE RAM 2500. WHILE DRIVING 25 MPH, THE DRIVER SIDE TIE ROD FRACTURED, CAUSING THE TIRE TO DETACH FROM THE VEHICLE. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO THE DEALER WHO ADVISED THE CONTACT THAT THERE HIS VIN WAS NOT INCLUDED IN THE RECALL ASSOCIATED WITH NHTSA CAMPAIGN ID NUMBER: 11V350000 (STEERING: LINKAGES: TIE ROD ASSEMBLY). THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE AND A CLAIM WAS FILED (CLAIM NUMBER:21674760). THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 18,000.

NHTSA ODI #10440361

15,700 miles · Dec 5, 2011
Steering

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2010 DODGE RAM 2500. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE DRIVER SIDE TIE ROD FRACTURED WHILE DRIVING 15 MPH. THE CONTACT REFERENCED NHTSA CAMPAIGN ID NUMBER: 11V350000 (STEERING:LINKAGES:TIE ROD ASSEMBLY) BUT COULD NOT CONFIRM IF THE VEHICLE WAS INCLUDED IN THE RECALL. NEITHER THE DEALER NOR THE MANUFACTURER WA…

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TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2010 DODGE RAM 2500. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE DRIVER SIDE TIE ROD FRACTURED WHILE DRIVING 15 MPH. THE CONTACT REFERENCED NHTSA CAMPAIGN ID NUMBER: 11V350000 (STEERING:LINKAGES:TIE ROD ASSEMBLY) BUT COULD NOT CONFIRM IF THE VEHICLE WAS INCLUDED IN THE RECALL. NEITHER THE DEALER NOR THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE FAILURE AND THE CURRENT MILEAGE WAS 15,700.

NHTSA ODI #10438586

17,828 miles · Sep 20, 2011
Steering

WHILE DRIVING MY TRUCK WITH MY 6 YR OLD SON THE STEERING SYSTEM FAILED. THE TRUCK LOST ALL CONTROL OF THE STEERING AND THE WHEELS LOCKED IN PLACE. THE LEFT TIE ROD FAILED, THE STEERING ARM JAMMED INTO THE LEFT WHEEL LOCKING THE WHEELS IN A TIGHT STEERING POSITION. CHRYSLER HAS NOT ACKNOWLEDGED THE PROBLEM OR ACTED IN RESPONSI…

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WHILE DRIVING MY TRUCK WITH MY 6 YR OLD SON THE STEERING SYSTEM FAILED. THE TRUCK LOST ALL CONTROL OF THE STEERING AND THE WHEELS LOCKED IN PLACE. THE LEFT TIE ROD FAILED, THE STEERING ARM JAMMED INTO THE LEFT WHEEL LOCKING THE WHEELS IN A TIGHT STEERING POSITION. CHRYSLER HAS NOT ACKNOWLEDGED THE PROBLEM OR ACTED IN RESPONSIBLE MANOR TO INFORM ME OF WHY OR HOW THIS HAPPENED. CHRYSLER DID REPLACE THE LEFT TIE ROD BUT REFUSED TO REPLACE THE RIGHT SIDE OR COMPENSATE ME FOR THE COST OF A NEW RIM. DUE TO THE FACT THE TIE ROD FAILED THE WHEEL WAS CRACKED BY THE STEERING ARM AND NEEDED REPLACEMENT. THIS IS A HEAVY DUTY TRUCK BUILT FOR AND USE FOR TOWING. FAILURE OF THIS COMPONENT UNDER LOAD OR AT A HIGHER SPEED WOULD BE CATASTROPHIC. I AM VERY CONCERNED FOR THE SAFETY OF MY FAMILY AND THE AMERICAN PUBLIC. *TR

NHTSA ODI #10426520

32,000 miles · Sep 1, 2011
SteeringSuspension

MY FRONT END WAS VIOLENT, SHAKING FROM LEFT TO RIGHT, THE STEERING WHEEL WAS VIBRATING WILDLY. *TR

NHTSA ODI #10422855

22,000 miles · Jun 17, 2011
Steering

TL*THE CONTACT OWNS A 2010 DODGE RAM 2500. THE CONTACT STATE WHILE DRIVING AT A LOW SPEED HE HEARD A SNAPPING NOISE AND LOST CONTROL OF THE STEERING WHEEL. THE CONTACT OBSERVED THAT THE DRIVERS SIDE TIRE WAS OUT OF PLACE. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO THE DEALER WHO PERFORMED A DIAGNOSTIC TEST AND STATED THE FAILURE WAS LOCATED ON …

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TL*THE CONTACT OWNS A 2010 DODGE RAM 2500. THE CONTACT STATE WHILE DRIVING AT A LOW SPEED HE HEARD A SNAPPING NOISE AND LOST CONTROL OF THE STEERING WHEEL. THE CONTACT OBSERVED THAT THE DRIVERS SIDE TIRE WAS OUT OF PLACE. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO THE DEALER WHO PERFORMED A DIAGNOSTIC TEST AND STATED THE FAILURE WAS LOCATED ON THE DRIVERS LEFT TIE ROD STUD. THE MANUFACTURER FILED REPORT 20991683. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE FAILURE AND THE CURRENT MILES WAS 22,000.

NHTSA ODI #10407210

16,338 miles · Jun 13, 2011
Engine And Engine CoolingSteering

BOUGHT 2010 RAM 2500 DIESEL NEW AND HAD TO TAKE TO DEALER TO THIS POINT 5 TIMES FOR CHECK ENGINE LIGHT ILLUMINATED. THE TRUCK HAS CURRENTLY 16,338 MILES AND IS RETURNING TO DEALER TOMORROW FOR ANOTHER CHECK ENGINE LIGHT. EACH TIME THE LIGHT IS IN RELATION TO THE EMISSION SYSTEM. THE DEALER UNDER WARRANTY HAS CHANGED THE O2 SE…

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BOUGHT 2010 RAM 2500 DIESEL NEW AND HAD TO TAKE TO DEALER TO THIS POINT 5 TIMES FOR CHECK ENGINE LIGHT ILLUMINATED. THE TRUCK HAS CURRENTLY 16,338 MILES AND IS RETURNING TO DEALER TOMORROW FOR ANOTHER CHECK ENGINE LIGHT. EACH TIME THE LIGHT IS IN RELATION TO THE EMISSION SYSTEM. THE DEALER UNDER WARRANTY HAS CHANGED THE O2 SENSORS, CLEANED THE EGR VALVE AND STATES THEY MAY HAVE TO CHANGE THE O2 SENSOR CONTROLLER. I'VE ALSO POSTED ON THIS SITE ABOUT A MAJOR STEERING WOBBLE TO WHICH THE DEALER CHANGED A LOT OF FRONT STEERING COMPONENTS. THIS TRUCK DESIGN HAS A LOT OF HISTORY OF MAJOR DESIGN FLAWS. I'M STRONGLY CONSIDERING FILING A LEMON LAW SUIT. *TR

NHTSA ODI #10406088

11,000 miles · May 10, 2011
Steering

AFTER TURNING A CORNER ON A BLACK TOP ROAD, THE STEERING WENT COMPLETELY OUT AND THE WHEEL WOULD SPIN 360 WITH NO CONTROL. LUCKILY THERE WERE NO OTHER VEHICLES INVOLVED. I WAS ABLE TO GET THE VEHICLE OFF THE ROAD AND PARTIALLY INTO THE DITCH. IT WAS DETERMINED THAT A BOLT WAS EITHER MISSING OR FELL OUT OF THE STEERING COLUMN.

NHTSA ODI #10400491

13,950 miles · Apr 18, 2011
SteeringSuspension

DRIVING 2010 RAM 2500 MEGACAB DIESEL 4X4 WITH 13950 MILES ON ODOMETER. PRIOR TO TRIP NOTED THAT STEERING WHEEL FREEPLAY WAS GETTING WORSE AND NOTED NEEDED TO HAVE CHECKED BY DEALER UNDER WARRANTY THE FOLLOWING WEEK. WHILE TRAVELING ON HIGHWAY AT 70MPH, WENT OVER AVERAGE BUMP - FRONT END CONTINUED TO SHAKE AND BOUNCE VIOLENTLY UN…

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DRIVING 2010 RAM 2500 MEGACAB DIESEL 4X4 WITH 13950 MILES ON ODOMETER. PRIOR TO TRIP NOTED THAT STEERING WHEEL FREEPLAY WAS GETTING WORSE AND NOTED NEEDED TO HAVE CHECKED BY DEALER UNDER WARRANTY THE FOLLOWING WEEK. WHILE TRAVELING ON HIGHWAY AT 70MPH, WENT OVER AVERAGE BUMP - FRONT END CONTINUED TO SHAKE AND BOUNCE VIOLENTLY UNTIL SPEED DROPPED BELOW 40MPH. PULLED OVER CHECKED TIRES, STEERING COMPONENTS AND GENERAL CONDITION FOR ROADSIDE INSPECTION -FOUND NO DEFECTS. CONTINUED ON ROAD. 10 MILES LATER AT 64MPH HAD SAME VIOLENT REACTION TO BUMP TILL BELOW 40MPH. 20 MILES LATER EVENT OCCURRED AGAIN. IMMEDIATELY TOOK TO DEALER FOR EVALUATION. THE DEALER REMOVED AND REPLACED TRACKBAR AND TIE ROD, ALIGNED FRONT END, TEST DROVE AND STILL NOTED WOBBLE BUT IMPROVED. THEY THEN DECIDED TO REPLACE THE STEERING SNUBBER. THE DEALER CLOSED SO I DON'T KNOW IF THAT RESOLVED THE ISSUE YET OR NOT. THE TECH SAID IF IT STILL WOBBLED THAT THEY WOULD CHANGE THE WHEEL BEARING TO RESOLVE THE ISSUE. I WILL FIND OUT IN THE MORNING IF THE WHEEL BEARING WILL REQUIRE REPLACEMENT. *TR

NHTSA ODI #10396735

31,879 miles · Apr 6, 2011
Steering

TL * THE CONTACT OWNS A 2010 DODGE RAM 2500. THE CONTACT STATED WHILE ATTEMPTING TO PARK, HE PLACED THE VEHICLE IN REVERSE, TURNED THE STEERING WHEEL AND HEARD A LOUD THUMP. AFTER THE LOUD SOUND, THE STEERING HAD BECOME DIFFICULT TO MANEAUVER. WHEN HE GOT OUT TO LOOK AT THE VEHICLE, HE SAW THAT THE FRONT DRIVER SIDE TIRE WAS …

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TL * THE CONTACT OWNS A 2010 DODGE RAM 2500. THE CONTACT STATED WHILE ATTEMPTING TO PARK, HE PLACED THE VEHICLE IN REVERSE, TURNED THE STEERING WHEEL AND HEARD A LOUD THUMP. AFTER THE LOUD SOUND, THE STEERING HAD BECOME DIFFICULT TO MANEAUVER. WHEN HE GOT OUT TO LOOK AT THE VEHICLE, HE SAW THAT THE FRONT DRIVER SIDE TIRE WAS TURNED RIGHT AND THE RIGHT FRONT PASSENGER SIDE WAS STRAIGHT. THE CONTACT HAD THE VEHICLE TOWED TO A DEALER AND THEY REPLACED THE TIE ROD ASSEMBLY. THE DEALER TOLD THE CONTACT THERE IS A NHTSA CAMPAIGN ID NUMBER: 10V657000 (STEERING: LINKAGES: TIE ROD ASSEMBLY) THAT WAS ISSUED FOR THE 4500 AND 5500, BUT NOT THIS MODEL. THE CONTACT IS CONCERNED ABOUT THE SAFETY OF THE VEHICLE, BECAUSE THE TIE ROD WAS REPLACED WITH THE SAME TYPE OF TIE ROD ASSEMBLY, AND NOT A NEWLY MANUFACTURERD ONE. THE FAILURE AND CURRENT MILEAGE WAS 31,879.

NHTSA ODI #10394470

150 miles · Jan 5, 2011
Steering

TL*THE CONTACT OWNS A 2010 DODGE RAM 2500. WHILE DRIVING AT ANY SPEED THE STEERING WHEEL WOULD EASILY TURN TO THE LEFT AND RIGHT, FORCING THE CONTACT TO CONSTANTLY CORRECT THE DIRECTION THE VEHICLE WAS TRAVELING IN. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO AN AUTHORIZED DEALER ON TWO OCCASIONS WHERE THEY WERE UNABLE TO DIAGNOSE THE FAILURE. …

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TL*THE CONTACT OWNS A 2010 DODGE RAM 2500. WHILE DRIVING AT ANY SPEED THE STEERING WHEEL WOULD EASILY TURN TO THE LEFT AND RIGHT, FORCING THE CONTACT TO CONSTANTLY CORRECT THE DIRECTION THE VEHICLE WAS TRAVELING IN. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO AN AUTHORIZED DEALER ON TWO OCCASIONS WHERE THEY WERE UNABLE TO DIAGNOSE THE FAILURE. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 150 AND THE CURRENT MILEAGE WAS 1,500. UPDATED 3/7/11 *CN THE DEALER INSTALLED A NEW GEAR BOX ON FEB 23, 2011. UPDATED 04/29/11

NHTSA ODI #10374741

Official recalls

4

17V821000 · Power Train:automatic Transmission:lever And Linkage:column Shift

Dec 20, 2017

Chrysler (FCA US LLC) is recalling certain 2016-2017 Ram 3500 Cab Chassis with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) of less than 10,000 lbs, 2011-2017 Ram 3500, 4500 and 5500 Cab Chassis vehicles, 2009-2017 Ram 1500 and 2010-2017 Ram 2500 and 3500 pickup trucks, all equipped with a column shifter. Pushing the brake pedal for prolonged periods when the vehicle is running and in PARK may cause the Brake Transmission Shift Interlock (BTSI) pin to stick in the open position. With the pin in the open position, the transmission can be shifted out of PARK into any gear without pushing the brake pedal or having the key in the ignition.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: Being able to shift the transmission without pushing the brake pedal and/or without a key in the ignition can increase the risk of an unintended vehicle rollaway that may result in personal injury or a crash.

Remedy: Chrysler will notify owners, and dealers will update the vehicle software, inspect the BTSI, and, as necessary, replace it, free of charge. The recall began February 26, 2018. Owners may contact Chrysler customer service at 1-800-853-1403. Chrysler's number for this recall is T79.

14V635000 · Engine And Engine Cooling:engine:diesel; Fuel System, Diesel

Oct 8, 2014

Chrysler Group LLC (Chrysler) is recalling certain model year 2010-2014 Ram 2500, 3500, 4500, and 5500 trucks manufactured March 27, 2009, to September 5, 2013. In the affected vehicles, the electrical connectors of the diesel fuel heater may overheat.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: If the connectors overheat, the fuel heater may leak fuel, increasing the risk of a fire.

Remedy: Chrysler will notify owners, and dealers will replace the harness side connector with a silver plated beryllium copper terminal service kit, and inspect the fuel heater for leaks, replacing it as necessary, free of charge. Chrysler issued interim notification to owners on December 8, 2014. The recall began on April 27, 2015. Owners may contact Chrysler customer service at 1-800-853-1403. Chrysler's number for this recall is P65.

Additional source detail variants (2)

Fuel System, Diesel

Chrysler Group LLC (Chrysler) is recalling certain model year 2010-2014 Ram 2500, 3500, 4500, and 5500 trucks manufactured March 27, 2009, to September 5, 2013. In the affected vehicles, the electrical connectors of the diesel fuel heater may overheat.

Consequence: If the connectors overheat, the fuel heater may leak fuel, increasing the risk of a fire.

Remedy: Chrysler will notify owners, and dealers will replace the harness side connector with a silver plated beryllium copper terminal service kit, and inspect the fuel heater for leaks, replacing it as necessary, free of charge. Chrysler issued interim notification to owners on December 8, 2014. The recall began on April 27, 2015. Owners may contact Chrysler customer service at 1-800-853-1403. Chrysler's number for this recall is P65.

Engine And Engine Cooling:engine:diesel

Chrysler Group LLC (Chrysler) is recalling certain model year 2010-2014 Ram 2500, 3500, 4500, and 5500 trucks manufactured March 27, 2009, to September 5, 2013. In the affected vehicles, the electrical connectors of the diesel fuel heater may overheat.

Consequence: If the connectors overheat, the fuel heater may leak fuel, increasing the risk of a fire.

Remedy: Chrysler will notify owners, and dealers will replace the harness side connector with a silver plated beryllium copper terminal service kit, and inspect the fuel heater for leaks, replacing it as necessary, free of charge. Chrysler issued interim notification to owners on December 8, 2014. The recall began on April 27, 2015. Owners may contact Chrysler customer service at 1-800-853-1403. Chrysler's number for this recall is P65.

13V529000 · Steering:linkages:tie Rod Assembly

Nov 6, 2013

Chrysler Group LLC (Chrysler) is recalling certain model year 2008-2012 RAM 2500 4X4 and 3500 4X4 trucks, 2008-2012 Dodge RAM 3500 4x2 Cab Chassis, and model year 2008 Dodge RAM 1500 Mega Cab 4x4. The left tie rod assembly may break.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: A failure of the tie rod assembly may result in a loss of steering control, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: Chrysler notified owners on January 16, 2014 that dealers would inspect vehicles and replace the steering linkage assembly, if necessary. On or about February 27, 2014, Chrysler ceased its recall remedy program due to parts quality concerns, and then re-initiated it on or about April 14, 2014. In July 2015, and under a consent order with NHTSA, the company agreed to offer owners three options for remedying their vehicles: perform the original remedy, offer to repurchase the vehicle at the fair market value plus 10%, or offer an additional incentive offer towards the purchase of a new Dodge, Jeep, Chrysler, or Fiat vehicle. Chrysler will notify owners of the new recall options in a letter expected to be mailed on August 31, 2015. Owners may contact Chrysler at 1-800-247-9753. Chrysler's recall campaign number is N49.

11V350000 · Steering:linkages:tie Rod Assembly

Jul 6, 2011

CHRYSLER IS RECALLING CERTAIN MODEL YEAR 2008-2011 DODGE RAM 2500/3500 4X4, MANUFACTURED FROM FEBRUARY 14, 2008, THROUGH MARCH 28, 2011; MODEL YEAR 2008-2011 DODGE RAM 3500 CAB CHASSIS 4X2, MANUFACTURED FROM FEBRUARY 14, 2008, THROUGH MARCH 28, 2011; AND MODEL YEAR 2008 DODGE RAM 1500 MEGA CAB 4X4, MANUFACTURED FROM FEBRUARY 14, 2008, THROUGH AUGUST 15, 2008, BECAUSE THE LEFT TIE ROD BALL STUD MAY FRACTURE. THIS CONDITION TENDS TO OCCUR DURING LOW SPEED PARKING LOT TYPE MANEUVERS WHEN THE CUSTOMER IS MAKING A TIGHT TURN. ADDITIONALLY, MODEL YEAR 2003-2008 DODGE RAM 2500/3500 VEHICLES MAY HAVE RECEIVED THE AFFECTED TIE ROD ASSEMBLY AS A REPLACEMENT PART DURING NORMAL SERVICE.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: THIS CONDITION COULD RESULT IN THE POTENTIAL LOSS OF DIRECTIONAL STABILITY IN THE LEFT HAND FRONT WHEEL, INCREASING THE RISK OF A CRASH.

Remedy: DEALERS WILL INSPECT THE TIE ROD ENDS FOR RELATIVE ORIENTATION AND REPLACE THE LEFT OUTER TIE ROD AS REQUIRED AND PERFORM A FRONT END TOE ALIGNMENT AS NEEDED. THIS SERVICE WILL BE PERFORMED FREE OF CHARGE. THE SAFETY RECALL BEGAN ON OCTOBER 3, 2011. OWNERS MAY CONTACT CHRYSLER AT 1-800-853-1403.

Model-level recall history does not show whether a particular VIN is affected or has received a repair. Check a VIN with NHTSA ↗

NHTSA investigations

1

EA19001 · Electrical Overstress

Opened Apr 19, 2019 · Closed Sep 19, 2024

Status: closed (inferred from source dates) · Air Bags: Air Bag/restraint Control Module

The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened this investigation to determine if the failure of airbags to deploy during severe crashes, in certain vehicles, was the result of a safety related defect.  During the investigation a complex failure was studied that can result in non-deployment of subject vehicle air bags and other restraint system devices in severe crash events. The subject vehicles may be equipped with an airbag control unit (ACU) for the supplemental restraint system (SRS) Electronic Control Unit (ECU) manufactured by ZF-TRW.  The ECU receives signals from crash sensors mounted in the vehicle and deploys the vehicle air bags and seat belt pretensioners in accordance with manufacturer design specifications.  The ECU in the subject vehicles contains a model DS84 application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) which controls the communication of the crash sensor signal, firing commands (i.e., when to deploy the airbag(s) and/or pretensioners), and fault information (e.g., diagnostic trouble codes). In September 2016, FCA announced recall 16V-668 for certain model year (MY) 2010 to 2014 Chrysler, Dodge and Jeep products manufactured with the subject ZF-TRW ACU.  In this recall, FCA discussed an EOS condition that resulted in a failure of the subject DS84 ASIC, which caused air bag non-deployment.  FCA noted that the defect condition had only been observed in vehicles equipped with sensor harnessing routed across the front of the vehicle.  Other FCA vehicles that also used the subject ACU, but were not equipped with cross-car harnessing, had not experienced EOS failures, despite similar time in service. During the course of this investigation, ODI sent two separate Information Request (IR) letters to six vehicle manufactures (including FCA, Hyundai, Honda, Kia, Mitsubishi, and Toyota) and one IR letter to ZF-TRW.  These IR letters resulted in ODI receiving comprehensive data from these manufacturers and suppliers. Studies of this data found that the DS84 ASIC does not have sufficient protection against negative electrical transients or electrical overstress (“EOS”) that can be generated in certain severe crashes.  An electrical transient occurs when the electrical power supplied to a circuit changes momentarily over a short duration of time.   In these severe crash cases, the crash sensors and other powered wiring can be damaged and short circuited so as to create a negative electrical transient of sufficient intensity and duration (that are outside the vehicle manufacturer's specification) to damage the ASIC before the restraint device deployment signal is received by the SRS ECU.  This damaged signal can lead to incomplete or nondeployment of the air bags and/or pretensioners.  Airbag non-deployment and/or lack of pretensioner operation can increase the risk or severity of injury in a crash.A total of 8 fatalities and 14 injuries were associated with known EOS events. The common element in all investigated manufacturers vehicles is the SRS ECU containing a DS84 ASIC manufactured by ZF-TRW.  The risk associated with the ASIC is equally shared among all OEMS involved in the investigation.  The actual real-world risk can be mitigated by other factors which were assessed by ODI during this investigation. The first mitigating factor involves protections built into the ACU design which protect the DS84 ASIC from damage.  There are multiple strategies and levels of protection employed by different OEMs that provide effective EOS mitigation.  The two most common strategies at the ACU level are circuit protection diodes on the remote senor signal lines, and current limiting resistors that protect critical components. The second mitigating factor is found at the vehicle level and involves the location and routing of the wires leading from the crash sensors to the SRS ECU.  If the wires are well protected in a crash and are not routed with other power wires carrying large currents, the risk for an EOS event is significantly reduced or eliminated. These design specific factors combine to produce a spectrum of risk for the vehicles equipped with ACUs using the DS84 ASIC.  Given the many of years of field exposure, it is possible to divide the subject population into two groups; vehicles which have experienced EOS events, and vehicles which have not experienced EOS field events. Four of the six OEMs involved in this investigation have experienced EOS field events on at least one of their models equipped with a DS84 ASIC.  All vehicle models (including the Toyota models identified in the Failure Report Summary of the opening resume for this investigation) with field events have been recalled.  In an abundance of caution, ODI kept this investigation open five years to monitor field performance and did not identify any field events on vehicles not included in existing safety recalls. Given the spectrum of risk identified in this investigation and that all vehicles with a demonstrated unreasonable risk have been recalled, ODI is closing this investigation. ODI is closing this investigation with the following manufacturer safety recalls: 16V-668, 18E-043, 18V-137, 18V-363, and 20V-024.  With the recall actions taken by the subject vehicle and equipment manufacturers, this investigation is closed. The closing of this investigation does not constitute a finding by NHTSA that a safety-related defect does not exists on other model or model year vehicles outside of the recall scopes. The agency reserves the right to take further action if warranted by the circumstances.